1. 1 Translati ng the Language of Tourism. A Corpus Based Study on the Translational Tourism Chinese Corpus in Iceland 1.1 Abst r act This paper will present the results of a research project concerning corpora - based studies on the translated language of tourism. By employing a specifically designed corpus of translated tourist texts in Icelandic and English into Chinese and comparing it with a larger corpus of travel articles are originally written in Chinese, the analysis aims to identify pot ential differences in the discursive patterns and stylistic features characterizing the translated language of tourism with respect to tourist texts originally written in Chinese. By applying a comparable corpus methodology, the purpose of the work will be that of understanding the extent to which the discursive patterns of translated texts might affect or not the communicative functions, linguistic properties, and persuasive effects typically employed in Chinese tourist texts, to provide an interpretation of the functions and features (including universals of translation) characterizing the translational practices of tourism discourse into Chinese. 1.2 Objectives and research questions The languages of most obvious choice among tourists from different li nguacultural backgrounds in Iceland are English and Chinese, since China replaced Germans as the third most numerous group of tourists to visit Iceland, with no less than 130,000 Chinese people visiting Iceland in 2019, following the U.S. and U.K. Due to t he fact that the majority of Chinese tourists in Iceland cannot speak good English, a Chinese version of tourism - related service in Iceland will be of great significance to create a Chinese tourist - friendly environment. Yet, no researches related to tourism Chinese corpus in Iceland has been done so far, which means this research will be of help to understand the extent to which the discursive patterns of translated texts might affect or not the communicative functions, l inguistic properties and persuasive effects typically employed in Chinese tourist texts, in order to provide an interpretation of the functions and features (including universals of translation) characterizing the translational practices of tourism discour se into Chinese, and improve the quality of the Chinese version of tourism - related service. The corpora will be built employing WordSmith (Wordlist and Concord), a software package primarily for linguists, for work in the field of corpus linguistics, and part - of - speech tagging procedures, using the Constituent Likelihood Automatic Word - tagging System (CLAWS) part - of - speech tagger and a specifically designed Perl script to quantify the exact number of tokens and types for each part - of - speech.

2. 2 Two corpora, a monolingual corpus, and a bilingual parallel corpus with tourism texts in Chinese and Icelandic/English will be employed and will be built on my own in Iceland. I took some training courses on how to build a corpus and hosted a scientific research proje ct - Content Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis of China - related Reports: A Case Study of G20 Hangzhou Summit – by building a corpus with Wordsmith in M.A, which makes me capable of building and analyzing corpora on my own. All the texts in the cor pora will be collected from the Chinese interpretive panels of tourist attractions in China and Iceland, and some well - known travel websites in China and Iceland, i.e. https://cn.visiticeland.com/ ， https://cn.guidetoiceland.is/ ， https://cn.extremeiceland.is/ ， https://cn.icelandcloseup.com/. The first monolingual corpus is TCC (Tourism Chinese Corpus), focusing on the concept of authentic communication in tourism. It will comprise Chinese interpretive panels of tourist attractions in China and many travel arti cles downloaded from the Chinese travel websites are originally written in Chinese by a variety of Chinese authors, describing a vast array of typical tourist topics and locations worldwide. The second corpus - the T - TCC (Translational Tourism Chinese Corpus) will comprise a set of sub - corpora dedicated to tourism texts translated into Chinese from Icelandic/English. The comparison between the TCC and the T - TCC allowed the identification of a series of differences characterizing the translated languag e of tourism concerning tourist texts originally written in Chinese and determined by specific phenomena of translation universals. 1.2 State of knowledge The application of corpus linguistics methodologies [Sinclair (1991); Stubbs (1996); Tognini - Bonelli (2001)] to the study of translation started in the early 1990s with the projects carried out by the Centre for Translation and Intercultural Studies at the University of Manchester, aimed at the construction of the Translational English Corpus, the first and the largest collection of contemporary translational English. The application of corpus analysis to the study of translated texts is carried out with th e intention of discovering the features of translation as a linguistic phenomenon per se, characteried by its linguistic patterners, practices, models, and communicative aims, including specific stylistic features of individual translators. The languag e of tourism represents a peculiar type of specialized language made up of a wider range of stylistic, pragmatic, and lexical features intertwined with and influenced by different registers and different specialized languages. Its characteristics have been studied both at the linguistic and socio - linguistic level by a variety of scholars [Dann and Parrinello (2009); Francesconi (2007); Nigro (2006); Palusci and De Stasio (2007), Pierini (2007)] and in particularly by Graham Dann (1996), who identified a series of properties and techniques that are typical of the language of tourism and which represent the main theoretical framework of this research.

3. 3 My personal scientific projects have involved some combinations of translation and linguistics, to name a few, Telling China's Stories Well in English by Improving Translation Skills, Content Analysis, and Critical Discourse Analysis of China - related Reports: A Case Study of G20 Hangzhou Summit; and Translating Chinese Classics: The Case of Yang's Version of a Dream of Red Mansions(2019). These projects enable me to have a better understanding of translation and linguistics, and it is glaring that studying and doing research are endeavo u rs I would like to engage in even more. 2 . BIBLIOGRAPHY Baker, M. (1993). Corpus Linguist ics and Translation Studies. Implications and Applications. In M. Baker, G. Francis & E. Tognini - Bonelli(Eds.), Text and Technology: In Honour of John Sinclair (pp. 233 - 250). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Dann, G. (1996). The Language of Tourism. A Socioling uistic Perspective. Wallingford: CAB International. Johansson, S. (2003). Reflection on Corpora and their Uses in Cross - linguistic Research. In F. Zanettin, S. Bernardini & D. Stewart (Eds.), Corpora in Translator Education (pp. 135 - 144). Manchester: St. J erome. Kenny, D. (2001) Lexis and Creativity in Translation: A Corpus - based Study . Manchester: St. Jerome Laviosa, S. (1998). The English Comparable Corpus: A Resource and a Methodology. In L. Bowker, M. Cronin, D. Kenny & J. Pearson (Eds.), Unity in Diver sity? Current Trends in Translation Studies (pp. 101 - 112) Manchester: St. Jerome. Palusci, O. & De Stasio, C. (Eds.) (2007). The Languages of Tourism: turismo e mediazione. Milano: Unicopli. Pierini, P. (2007). Quality in Web Translation: An Investigation into UK and Italian Tourism Web Sites. The Journal of Specialised Translation 8, 85 - 103. Sinclair, J. (1991). Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tymoczko, M. (1998). Computerized corpora and the future of translation studies. Meta 43, 652 - 659. Zanettin, F. (2000). Parallel Corpora in Translation Studies: Issues in Corpus Design and Analysis. In M. Olohan (Ed.) Intercultural Faultlines. Research Models in Translation St udies I: Textual and Cognitive Aspects (pp. 105 - 118). Manchester: St. Jerome.